| 138 | 0 | 146 |
| 下载次数 | 被引频次 | 阅读次数 |
近年来兴起的局部语法路径采用语义角色描写特定话语行为和功能，对于学术话语研究具有独特价值。本研究采用这一路径，描写汉语语言学学术语篇中的定义话语行为。基于自建的汉语学术论文语料库，结合大语言模型与计算语言学方法，利用Python编程实现定义话语行为的自动识别与提取，进而在局部语法框架下系统分析定义语言实例。研究发现，1）与逻辑学常用定义联项（如“是”）不同，汉语学术语篇中更常使用“指”等表达，标记形式更丰富；2）高频使用的局部语法型式为“被定义项+链接+定义内容+支撑表达”“被定义项+链接+定义内容”“被定义项+链接+定义内容+内部来源”，在功能类型上多为“判定式”“引介提示式”“括注式”和“命名式”；3）局部语法分析能精准刻画定义话语行为及其实现形式，尤其在核心功能成分之外识别出更细致的语义关系。我们认为，局部语法可有效描写汉语（及其他语种）学术语篇中的话语行为，对学术写作教学有较好的应用价值。
Abstract：The recently popularized local grammar approach, which employs semantic roles to describe specific discourse acts and/or functions, offers unique value for the study of academic discourse. Adopting this approach, this study investigates the discourse act of definition in Chinese academic texts. Based on a self-built corpus of Chinese academic papers and utilizing large language models and computational linguistics methods, we employed Python programming to automatically identify and extract instances of definition and subsequently analyzed these instances within the framework of local grammar. The investigation reveals that: 1) Unlike the commonly used logical copulas(e.g., "是" [shi, "is" ]), Chinese academic discourse tends to employ expressions such as " 指 " [zhi, "refers to" ] as markers, exhibiting a richer variety of formal markers; 2) The frequently used local grammar patterns include "Definiendum + Hinge + Definiens + Supporting statement", "Definiendum + Hinge +Definiens" and "Definiendum + Hinge + Definiens + Source-internal" with functional types primarily being "judgment-type", "introduction-cue-type", "parenthetical-type" and "naming-type"; 3) Local grammar analysis can adequately account for definition, particularly in identifying more nuanced semantic relationships beyond core functional components. We argue that local grammar provides an effective means for describing discourse acts in Chinese(and other languages) academic texts and holds practical value for academic writing instruction.
汲传波.韩国学生汉语学术论文中文言结构使用初探[J].汉语学习，2016(6).
巨朝军，丁文方.形式逻辑教程[M].济南:山东人民出版社，1988.
李文中.短语理论框架综论[J].外语教学与研究，2018(1).
李加■.汉语学术词表的构建及应用[J].世界汉语教学，2024(3).
刘锐，黄启庆，王珊.汉语学术语篇转述标记的形式、功能与分布[J].当代修辞学，2021(6).
刘云，郭海瑞.汉语学术语篇介入标记语的使用特征与发展趋势[J].语言文字应用，2025(3).
苏杭，张钰卿.局部语法、话语行为与学科文化研究——以“例举”为例[J].外国语文，2021(3).
苏杭，卫乃兴.评价语言的局部语法研究[J].中国外语，2017(3).
苏杭，卫乃兴.局部语法视域下的英语言语行为研究[J].外语教学与研究，2022(6).
童富智，张磊.日本政治话语局部语法研究——以日本国会演讲致歉言语行为为例[J].日语学习与研究，2026(2).
田佳月.留学归国青年日语教师汉语学术写作焦虑分析[J].日语学习与研究，2024(6).
吴继峰，胡韧奋，彭一平.学术汉语语体语言特征多维度测量研究——与新闻类、通用类、小说类语体对比视角[J].语言文字应用，2024(3).
王笑然，王佶旻.经贸类本科专业学术汉语词表研究[J].语言教学与研究，2022(4).
卫乃兴，王冰昕.《学术话语探索：局部语法、话语行为与知识构建》[M].北京：外语教学与研究出版社，2022.
张磊，李雪红.局部语法的跨学科对比研究:以例举语言为例[J].外语与外语教学，2021(6).
张磊.汉语学术语篇例举语言局部语法研究[J].语料库语言学，2024(2).
张磊.中、西方学者例举语言对比研究：局部语法视角[J].西南交通大学学报（社会科学版），2024(1).
周启红，王海峰.学术汉语中自我提及语的学科分布考察[J].当代修辞学，2023(2).
周启红，王海峰.汉语学术论文语篇特征变化多维分析[J].语言文字应用，2024(3).
Barnbrook G.Defining Language:A local grammar of definition sentences[M].Amsterdam:John Benjamins,2002.
Chen H H J,Tao H.Academic Chinese:from corpora to language teaching[M]//Computational and corpus approaches to Chinese language learning.Singapore:Springer Nature Singapore,2019.
Chen H,&Liu Y.Refusals in Japanese parliamentary deliberations[J].Journal of Pragmatics,2025.
Copi I M,Cohen C,&McMahon K.Introduction to Logic (14th ed.)[M].New York:Routledge,2016.
Gross M.Local grammars and their representation by finite automata[A]//In M.Hoey (ed).Data,Description,Discourse:Papers on the English Language in Honour of John Sinclair[C].London:Harper Collins,1993.
Hunston S,&Sinclair J.A local grammar of evaluation.In S.Hunston&G.Thompson (Eds.),Evaluation in text:Authorial stance and the construction of discourse[M].Oxford University Press,2000.
Hunston S,&Su H.Patterns,Constructions,and Local Grammar:A Case Study of'Evaluation'[J].Applied Linguistics,2019(4).
Hyland K.Stance and engagement:a model of interaction in academic discourse[J].Discourse Studies,2005(2).
Jiang F K,&Su H.Exemplification and its local grammar patterns in English as an academic lingua franca in research writing[J].Journal of English for Academic Purposes,2025.
Su H.Local grammars of speech acts:An exploratory study[J].Journal of Pragmatics,2017.
Su H.Local Grammar Approaches to Speech Act Studies:Apology in Contemporary Spoken British English[M].Amsterdam:John Benjamins,2025.
Su H,&Zhang L.Local grammars and discourse acts in academic writing:A case study of exemplification in Linguistics research articles[J].Journal of English for Academic Purposes,2020.
Su H,Zhang Y,&Lu X.Applying local grammars to the diachronic investigation of discourse acts in academic writing:The case of exemplification in Linguistics research articles[J].English for Specific Purposes,2021.
Wen R,Wang Z,Yao X,&Averyanov O."Voilàun film original!":A local grammar of evaluation in French film reviews[J].Journal of Pragmatics,2026.
Yu D,Su H,&Bondi M.Developing local grammars of speech acts in Italian:The case of apology[J].Lingua,2024.
Zhang L,Jiang R,&Zhang J."Table 1 shows that……":A local grammar of graphic data commentary in discourse of economics[J].English for Specific Purposes,2024.
Zhang L,&Su H.Applying local grammars in EAP teaching[J].Journal of English for Academic Purposes,2021.
Zhang Y,&Su H."We define X as……":A local grammar of definition in linguistics research articles and its pedagogical value[J].Journal of English for Academic Purposes,2022.
Zhang Y,&Su H.(Mis)use of definition in Chinese EFL postgraduate students'academic writing:A local grammar based investigation[J].Journal of English for Academic Purposes,2023.
Zhang Y,&Wang H.Local grammar,discourse acts,and disciplinarity:A case study of definition[J].Journal of English for Academic Purposes,2025.
[1]提示词：必须包含明确定义标示语，被定义对象应为专业术语，定义内容完整，保留完整原句。该步骤旨在从语义层面进一步筛选出真正具有定义功能的句子。
基本信息:
DOI：10.13508/j.cnki.jsr.2026.04.003
中图分类号:H146
引用信息:
[1]周启红,苏杭.汉语语言学学术语篇定义话语行为的局部语法研究[J].日语学习与研究,2026,No.245(04):74-87.DOI:10.13508/j.cnki.jsr.2026.04.003.
基金信息:
2024年国家社会科学基金西部项目“汉语学术语篇立场表达的理论与应用研究”（批准号：24XYY005）阶段研究成果; 2024年重庆市教育委员会人文社会科学一般项目“学术汉语语篇立场标记语研究”（项目编号：24SKGH178）阶段研究成果
2026-08-25
2026-08-25